---
title: 'Langgraph'
description: 'Build a basic chatbot with LangGraph and AgentOps tracking'
---
{/*  SOURCE_FILE: examples/langgraph/langgraph_example.ipynb  */}

_View Notebook on <a href={'https://github.com/AgentOps-AI/agentops/blob/main/examples/langgraph/langgraph_example.ipynb'} target={'_blank'}>Github</a>_

# LangGraph Basic Chatbot with AgentOps

This example shows you how to build a basic chatbot using LangGraph's StateGraph with comprehensive tracking via AgentOps.

## What We're Building

A **stateful chatbot** using LangGraph fundamentals:
- 🗃️ **StateGraph**: Core LangGraph structure for managing conversation state
- 💬 **Chat Model**: LLM integration for generating responses
- 🔄 **State Management**: Automatic message history tracking with `add_messages`
- 🎯 **Graph Flow**: START → chatbot node → END pattern

**With AgentOps**, you'll get complete visibility into graph execution, state transitions, and LLM interactions.

## Step-by-Step Implementation



### Step 1: Install Dependencies

Install LangGraph with your preferred chat model and AgentOps for tracking:

<CodeGroup>
  ```bash pip
  pip install langgraph langchain agentops python-dotenv
  ```
  ```bash poetry
  poetry add langgraph langchain agentops python-dotenv
  ```
  ```bash uv
  uv pip install langgraph langchain agentops python-dotenv
  ```
</CodeGroup>

**What AgentOps adds:**
- 📊 **Graph execution tracking** with node transitions and timing
- 💰 **LLM cost monitoring** with token usage breakdown
- 🔄 **State change visualization** showing message flow
- 📈 **Performance metrics** for each graph execution
- 🐛 **Execution replay** for debugging graph flows

### Step 2: Create Your Project Structure

Create a simple Python project for your chatbot:

```bash
# Create project directory
mkdir langgraph_chatbot
cd langgraph_chatbot

# Create main chatbot file
touch chatbot.py
touch .env
```

**This creates the basic structure:**
```
langgraph_chatbot/
├── chatbot.py           # Main chatbot implementation
└── .env                 # API keys
```

### Step 3: Set Up Environment Variables

Create your `.env` file with the necessary API keys:

```bash
# .env
OPENAI_API_KEY=your_openai_api_key_here
AGENTOPS_API_KEY=your_agentops_api_key_here
```

**Get your API keys:**
- **OpenAI API Key**: [OpenAI Platform](https://platform.openai.com/api-keys)
- **AgentOps API Key**: [AgentOps Settings](https://agentops.ai/settings/projects)

**Note**: You can use any LangChain-compatible model (Anthropic, Google, etc.) by adjusting the imports and model initialization.

### Step 4: Build Your Basic Chatbot

Edit `chatbot.py` to create your LangGraph chatbot:

```python
# chatbot.py
import os
from typing import Annotated
from typing_extensions import TypedDict

from langchain.chat_models import init_chat_model
from langgraph.graph import StateGraph, START, END
from langgraph.graph.message import add_messages
import agentops
from dotenv import load_dotenv

# Load environment variables and initialize AgentOps
load_dotenv()
agentops.init(auto_start_session=False)

# Define the State schema
class State(TypedDict):
    # Messages have the type "list". The `add_messages` function
    # in the annotation defines how this state key should be updated
    # (in this case, it appends messages to the list, rather than overwriting them)
    messages: Annotated[list, add_messages]
```

### Step 5: Initialize the Chat Model and Create the Chatbot Node

Add the model and node function:

```python
# Initialize the chat model (you can change to any provider)
llm = init_chat_model("openai:gpt-4o-mini")

# Create the chatbot node function
def chatbot(state: State):
    """Main chatbot function that processes messages and returns responses."""
    return {"messages": [llm.invoke(state["messages"])]}
```

### Step 6: Build and Compile the StateGraph

Construct your LangGraph workflow:

```python
# Create the StateGraph
graph_builder = StateGraph(State)

# Add the chatbot node
# The first argument is the unique node name
# The second argument is the function that will be called
graph_builder.add_node("chatbot", chatbot)

# Add entry point (where to start)
graph_builder.add_edge(START, "chatbot")

# Add exit point (where to end)
graph_builder.add_edge("chatbot", END)

# Compile the graph
graph = graph_builder.compile()
```

### Step 7: Add the Streaming Chat Function

Create the interactive chat interface with AgentOps tracking:

```python
def stream_graph_updates(user_input: str):
    """Stream graph updates for the given user input."""
    for event in graph.stream({"messages": [{"role": "user", "content": user_input}]}):
        for value in event.values():
            print("Assistant:", value["messages"][-1].content)

def run_chatbot():
    """Main function to run the chatbot with AgentOps tracking."""
    # Start AgentOps session
    session = agentops.start_session(tags=["langgraph", "chatbot"])
    
    try:
        print("🤖 LangGraph Chatbot Started!")
        print("Type 'quit', 'exit', or 'q' to stop.\n")
        
        while True:
            try:
                user_input = input("User: ")
                if user_input.lower() in ["quit", "exit", "q"]:
                    print("Goodbye!")
                    break
                stream_graph_updates(user_input)
                print()  # Add blank line for readability
            except KeyboardInterrupt:
                print("\nGoodbye!")
                break
            except Exception as e:
                print(f"Error: {e}")
                break
        
        # End session successfully
        agentops.end_session("Success")
        
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"Error occurred: {e}")
        agentops.end_session("Failed", end_state_reason=str(e))
        raise

# Main execution
if __name__ == "__main__":
    run_chatbot()
```

### Step 8: Run Your Chatbot

Execute your chatbot:

```bash
cd langgraph_chatbot
python chatbot.py
```

**What happens:**
1. AgentOps session starts automatically
2. Interactive chat loop begins
3. Each user message flows through: START → chatbot node → END
4. LLM generates responses based on conversation history
5. AgentOps captures all state transitions and LLM interactions
6. Session ends when you type 'quit'

**Example conversation:**
```
🤖 LangGraph Chatbot Started!
Type 'quit', 'exit', or 'q' to stop.

User: Hello! What can you help me with?
Assistant: Hello! I'm a helpful AI assistant. I can help you with a wide variety of tasks...

User: Tell me a joke
Assistant: Why don't scientists trust atoms? Because they make up everything!

User: quit
Goodbye!
```

## View Results in AgentOps Dashboard

After running your chatbot, visit your [AgentOps Dashboard](https://app.agentops.ai) to see:

1. **Graph Structure**: Visual representation of your StateGraph (START → chatbot → END)
2. **State Transitions**: How messages flow through the graph
3. **LLM Interactions**: Every conversation turn with prompts and responses
4. **Execution Timing**: How long each node takes to process
5. **Session Analytics**: Conversation length, token usage, and costs
6. **Message History**: Complete conversation flow with state management

## Key Files Created

**Project structure you built:**
- `chatbot.py` - Complete LangGraph chatbot with AgentOps integration
- `.env` - API keys for OpenAI and AgentOps

**AgentOps Integration Points:**
- `agentops.init()` - Enables automatic LangGraph instrumentation
- `agentops.start_session()` - Begins tracking each chat session
- `agentops.end_session()` - Completes the session with status

## Next Steps

- Add tools to your chatbot (web search, calculators, etc.)
- Implement more complex graph structures with conditional edges
- Add memory persistence across sessions
- Create multi-agent workflows with LangGraph
- Use AgentOps analytics to optimize conversation flows