RSSHub/lib/routes/wechat/data258.ts

import { load } from 'cheerio';

import RequestInProgressError from '@/errors/types/request-in-progress';
import type { Route } from '@/types';
import cache from '@/utils/cache';
import got from '@/utils/got';
import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
import timezone from '@/utils/timezone';
import wait from '@/utils/wait';
import { finishArticleItem } from '@/utils/wechat-mp';

const parsePage = ($item, hyperlinkSelector, timeSelector) => {
    const hyperlink = $item.find(hyperlinkSelector);
    const title = hyperlink.text();
    const link = hyperlink.attr('href');
    const pubDate = timezone(parseDate($item.find(timeSelector).text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm'), 8);
    return {
        title,
        link,
        pubDate,
    };
};

export const route: Route = {
    path: '/data258/:id?',
    categories: ['new-media'],
    example: '/wechat/data258/gh_cbbad4c1d33c',
    parameters: { id: '公众号 id 或分类 id，可在公众号页或分类页 URL 中找到；若略去，则抓取首页' },
    features: {
        requireConfig: false,
        requirePuppeteer: false,
        antiCrawler: true,
        supportBT: false,
        supportPodcast: false,
        supportScihub: false,
    },
    radar: [
        {
            source: ['mp.data258.com/', 'mp.data258.com/article/category/:id'],
        },
    ],
    name: '公众号（微阅读来源）',
    maintainers: ['Rongronggg9'],
    handler,
    url: 'mp.data258.com/',
    description: `::: warning
由于使用了一些针对反爬的缓解措施，本路由响应较慢。默认只抓取前 5 条，可通过 \`?limit=\` 改变（不推荐，容易被反爬）。

该网站使用 IP 甄别访客，且应用严格的每日阅读量限额（约 15 次），请自建并确保正确配置缓存；如使用内存缓存而非 Redis 缓存，请增大缓存容量。该限额足够订阅至少 3 个公众号（假设公众号每日仅更新一次）；首页 / 分类页更新相当频繁，不推荐订阅。
:::`,
};

async function handler(ctx) {
    // !!! here we must use a lock to prevent other requests to break the anti-anti-crawler workarounds !!!
    if ((await cache.get('data258:lock', false)) === '1') {
        throw new RequestInProgressError('Another request is in progress, please try again later.');
    }
    // !!! here no need to acquire the lock, because the MP/category page has no crawler detection !!!

    const id = ctx.req.param('id');

    const limit = ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 5;

    const rootUrl = 'https://mp.data258.com';
    const pageUrl = id ? `${rootUrl}/article/category/${id}` : rootUrl;

    const response = await got(pageUrl);
    const $ = load(response.data);

    const title = $('head title').text();
    // title = title.endsWith('-微阅读') ? title.slice(0, title.length - 4) : title;
    const description = $('meta[name="description"]').attr('content');

    const categoryPage = $('ul.fly-list');

    let items =
        categoryPage && categoryPage.length
            ? $(categoryPage)
                  .find('li')
                  .toArray()
                  .map((item) => parsePage($(item), 'h2 a', '.fly-list-info span')) // got a category page
            : $('ul.jie-row li')
                  .toArray()
                  .map((item) => parsePage($(item), 'a.jie-title', '.layui-hide-xs')); // got an MP page

    items = items.slice(0, limit); // limit to avoid being anti-crawled

    // !!! double-check !!!
    if ((await cache.get('data258:lock', false)) === '1') {
        throw new RequestInProgressError('Another request is in progress, please try again later.');
    }
    // !!! here we acquire the lock because the jump page has crawler detection !!!
    await cache.set('data258:lock', '1', 60);

    // !!! here we must use a for-loop to ensure the concurrency is 1 !!!
    // !!! please do note that if you try to increase the concurrency, your IP will be banned for a long time !!!

    let err; // !!! let RSSHub throw an anti-crawler prompt if the route is empty !!!

    /* oxlint-disable no-await-in-loop */
    for (const item of items) {
        // https://mp.data258.com/wx?id=${id}&t={token}, id is a permanent hex, token is a temporary base64
        const cacheId = item.link.match(/id=([\da-f]+)/)[1];
        item.link = item.link.startsWith('http') ? item.link : `${rootUrl}${item.link}`;
        const realLink = await cache.tryGet(`data258:${cacheId}`, async () => {
            try {
                // !!! here we must sleep 1s to avoid being anti-crawled !!!
                // !!! please do note that if the interval is less than 1s, your IP will be banned for a long time !!!
                await wait(1000);

                const response = await got.get(item.link, {
                    headers: {
                        Referer: pageUrl, // essential
                    },
                });
                if (response.data.includes('今日浏览次数已达上限')) {
                    // !!! as long as cache hits, the link will not be crawled and consume the limit !!!
                    // !!! so that's not a big problem if the RSSHub instance is self-hosted !!!
                    err = new got.RequestError(response.data, {}, response.request);
                    return null;
                }
                const $ = load(response.data);
                const jmpJS = $('script')
                    .filter((_, e) => $(e).html().includes('location.href'))
                    .html();
                return jmpJS.match(/location\.href='([^']+)'/)[1];
            } catch (error) {
                err = error;
                return null;
            }
        });
        if (realLink) {
            item.link = realLink;
        } else {
            break; // being anti-crawled, immediately cancel following operations
        }
    }
    /* eslint-enable no-await-in-loop */

    // !!! release the lock, let it expire immediately since no need to keep it in cache !!!
    await cache.set('data258:lock', '0', 1);

    // jump links are valid only for a short period of time, drop those un-jumped items
    // http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s
    items = items.filter((item) => item.link.match(/^https?:\/\/mp\.weixin\.qq\.com\/s/));

    if (items.length === 0 && err) {
        // !!! if each request is anti-crawled, the filtered items array will be empty !!!
        // !!! let RSSHub throw an anti-crawler prompt !!!
        throw err;
    }

    await Promise.all(items.map((item) => finishArticleItem(item, !!categoryPage)));

    return {
        title,
        link: pageUrl,
        description,
        item: items,
    };
}

// TODO: login? the valid time for cookies seems to be short, and abusing account will probably get banned...
// TODO: fetch full article for the official RSS feed? unless someone who is VIP contributes their RSS feed for test...